Из оригинальной статьи о Catchain протоколе:
A few words on the efficiency of the combined Catchain Consensus proto-col. Firstly, it is a true Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) protocol, in the sensethat it eventually achieves consensus on a valid next block of the blockchaineven if some participants (validators) exhibit arbitrarily malicious behavior,provided these malicious participants are less than one third of the totalnumber of the validators. It is well-known that achieving BFT consensusis impossible if at least one third of participants are malicious (cf. [5]), sothe Catchain Consensus protocol is as good as theoretically possible in thisrespect.