В смысле? Это часть определения «Because it is an earned research degree, those studying for a PhD are usually required to produce original research that expands the boundaries of knowledge, normally in the form of a
thesis or dissertation, and
defend their work against experts in the field.» пример из википедии, и на любой PhD программе в любой стране это обычно указано либо на сайте, либо в уставе заведения