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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)

2022 February 01
Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Carolina Pérez Dattari - Neoliberalism was born in Chile. Now it will die there

A new constitutional convention is imagining a country radically different from the one forged by murderous dictator Augusto Pinochet

https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/oureconomy/neoliberalism-was-born-in-chile-now-it-will-die-there/
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Борис Гройс - Что такое антифилософия?

Традиция антифилософии объединяет таких непохожих друг на друга мыслителей, как Сёрен Кьеркегор, Лев Шестов, Мартин Хайдеггер, Вальтер Беньямин, Эрнст Юнгер, Александр Кожев и Жак Деррида. Все они стали героями книги Бориса Гройса «Введение в антифилософию». Но что все-таки такое антифилософия? Об этом Гройс рассказывает во вступлении к книге. 

https://admarginem.ru/2022/01/18/chto-takoe-antifilosofiya-obyasnyaet-boris-grojs/
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Dave Braneck - Football Is Sinking in Crypto Snake Oil

Some of the world’s biggest football clubs are using their supporters’ loyalty to sell them blockchain assets, “fan tokens,” and NFTs. The crypto takeover of football promises to empower supporters but in truth, it’s just marketing fluff for a web of pyramid schemes.

https://jacobinmag.com/2022/01/football-soccer-clubs-crypto-blockchain-nfts/
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Тома Лемайё - Парламентские выборы в Португалии

В это воскресенье в Португалии прошли досрочные парламентские выборы. Социалисты рассчитывали снова сформировать своё правительство. После обработки 99% бюллетеней Социалистическая партия премьер-министра Антониу Кошты набирает более 41% голосов, у Социально-демократической партии Руя Рио менее 30%.

https://humanite-russie.ru/2022/01/31/parlamentskiye-vybory-v-portugalii/
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2022 February 02
Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Capitalism and the Camera. Essays on Photography and Extraction

A provocative exploration of photography’s relationship to capitalism, from leading theorists of visual culture

Photography was invented between the publication of Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations and Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels’s The Communist Manifesto. Taking the intertwined development of capitalism and the camera as their starting point, the essays collected here investigate the relationship between capitalist accumulation and the photographic image, and ask whether photography might allow us to refuse capitalism’s violence and if so, how? Drawn together in productive disagreement, the essays in this collection explore the relationship of photography to resource extraction and capital accumulation, from 1492 to the postcolonial; the camera’s potential to make visible critical understandings of capitalist production and society, especially economies of class and desire; and the ways the camera and the image can be used to build cultural and political counterpublics from which a democratic struggle against capitalism might emerge.
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
"Чем хуже работа, тем настойчивее требование любить ее"

Нам часто твердят, что человек должен "любить" свою работу иначе ему не добиться успеха и "личностного роста". В интервью oDR американская журналистка Сара Джаффе рассказывает о том, как любовь к работе становится новой формой эксплуатации и почему "страсть" на производстве не сможет заменить банальных трудовых прав.

https://www.opendemocracy.net/ru/sarah-jaffe-chem-huzhe-rabota-tem-nastoichivee-trebovanie-lubit-ee/
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Revisiting Gramsci’s Notebooks  

Revisiting Gramsci's Notebooks offers a rich collection of historical, philosophical, and political studies addressing the thought of Antonio Gramsci, one of the most significant intellectuals of the twentieth century. Based on thorough analyses of Gramsci's texts, these interdisciplinary investigations engage with ongoing debates in different fields of study. They are exciting evidence of the enduring capacity of Gramsci's thought to generate and nurture innovative inquiries across diverse themes. Gathering scholars from different continents, the volume represents a global network of Gramscian thinkers from early-career researchers to experienced scholars. Combining rigorous explication of the past with a strategic analysis of the present, these studies mobilise underexplored resources from the Gramscian toolbox to confront the actuality of our 'great and terrible' world.

Contributors include: F. Antonini, A. Bernstein, D. Boothman, W. Buddharaksa, T. Chino, R. Ciavolella, C. Conelli, A. Crézégut, V. Cuppi, Y. Douet, A. Freeland, F. Frosini, L. Fusaro, R. Jackson, A. Loftus, S. Meret, S. Neubauer, A. Panichi, I. Pohn-Lauggas, R. Roccu, B. Settis, A. Showstack Sassoon, A. Suceska, P.D. Thomas, N. Vandeviver, M.N. Wróblewska.
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Коммунизмы ХХ века и новое утопическое воображение

Фрагмент из книги Энцо Траверсо «Революция: интеллектуальная история»

Энцо Траверсо — итальянский историк-марксист, специалист по истории тоталитаризма и Холокоста. В своей новой книге он анализирует взаимосвязь между разными типами и смыслами «коммунизма» — ключевую для истории ХХ века и необходимую для переизобретения левой традиции сегодня.

https://doxajournal.ru/communism_of_the_twentieth_century
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Sabato Danzilli - Traverso and Lukács: notes for discussion

Placing The Destruction of Reason among the classics of Marxism, Enzo Traverso posits the discussion of Lukács’ most controversial book on the right track.  

The publication of the new English edition of Georg Lukács's The Destruction of the Reason deserves our attention as it brings back into print a text that has never earned great favour in the British market as demonstrated by its late translation. Moreover, this new edition is introduced by a long and interesting essay by Enzo Traverso, whose contribution offers many points for discussion, which will be the main theme of the present article.

In his essay entitled “Dialectic of Irrationalism: Historicizing Lukács The Destruction of Reason”, Traverso, historian of high value, attempts to contextualize Lukács’ work. Traverso’s peremptory opening statement is that "the time has come to rediscover The Destruction of Reason, undoubtedly one of Georg Lukács’s most controversial books". The work "deserves to be reappraised beyond its demoniac and dark aura, and to be given its proper place in the history of twentieth-century critical thought". Such value judgement is reiterated at the end of the discussion, where Traverso asserts that we must "include the book among the greatest intellectual achievements of the past century". These statements must be examined carefully and with accuracy, as in his contribution, the author does not spare critical, even sharp observations towards Lukács’ work.

https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/5252-traverso-and-lukacs-notes-for-discussion
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Сиприан Каддео - Опросы превратили выборы в скачки

Пьер Бурдье утверждал в своей знаменитой одноименной статье, что «общественного мнения не существует». Но политики упорно используют этот инструмент. Для чего?
Французский политолог Александр Дезе заметил, что опросы общественного мнения превратили выборы в скачки на ипподроме. В своей книге «10 уроков политических опросов» Александр Дезе рассматривает основные подводные камни социологии во время предвыборной гонки.
Подробнее о технологиях управляемой демократии в интервью с самим автором

https://humanite-russie.ru/2022/02/01/oprosy-prevratili-vybory-v-skachki/
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2022 February 03
Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
How France’s Intellectuals Became Reactionaries

An interview with Frederique Matinti

France has always had right-wing thinkers but they are more prominent now than any time since World War II. A decades-long counterrevolution against the Left has led to reactionary provocateurs reshaping French intellectual life.

https://jacobinmag.com/2022/02/french-hegemony-left-right-islam-culture/
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Abdul Alkalimat - The History of Black Studies  

A surge of African American enrolment and student activism brought Black Studies to many US campuses in the 1960s. Sixty years later, Black Studies programs are taught at more than 1,300 universities worldwide. This book is the first history of how that happened. Black Studies founder and movement veteran Abdul Alkalimat offers a comprehensive history of the discipline that will become a key reference for generations to come. Structured in three broadly chronological sections Black Studies as intellectual history; as social movement; and as academic profession the book demonstrates how Black people themselves established the field long before its institutionalization in university programs. At its heart, Black Studies is profoundly political. Black Power, the New Communist Movement, the Black women’s and students’ movements each step in the journey for Black liberation influenced and was influenced by this revolutionary discipline.
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Вальтер Миньоло - Поскольку колониальность повсеместна, деколониальность неизбежна

Деколониальность связана с общей грамматикой всех стремлений и проектов деколонизации, даже если она признает отдельные локальные истории, откуда эти проекты и чаяния берут истоки. Если логика колониальности универсальна, грамматика деколониальности многополярна. Она относится к набору деколониальных практик мысли и действия, направленных на «отключение» глобальных моделей, с помощью которых западная модерность притязает на гомогенизацию жизни людей со всего мира. Деколониальная мысль возникла за пределами североатлантических стран, однако, сейчас, подобно бумерангу, возвращается в бывшие имперские государства, монархии и светские национальные государства. Сегодня как никогда актуальна поговорка 1980-х годов: «Мы здесь, потому что вы были там». Деколониальная мысль нуждается (и сейчас она в процессе создания) в планетарной генеалогии мыслей, которые были уничтожены во время длительного процесса формирования идеи западной модерности и ее цивилизаций.

https://syg.ma/@lieonora-mitrakhovich/valtier-minolo-poskolku-kolonialnost-povsiemiestna-diekolonialnost-nieizbiezhna
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Alberto Toscano - Real Abstraction and the Critique of Juridical Ideology

The return of the figure of the people to the forefront of radical theorizing in France can be contextualized and complicated by contrasting it with the relative hostility or indifference to it in the ambit of la pensée soixante-huit. For a spell, the people was largely displaced by collective formations that sought to escape the nation-state cage of political modernity, notjust antagonistic conceptions of class, but all kinds of groups, movements, multiplicities, minorities, etc. This essay probes two theoretical episodes that can contribute to a critical archaeology of the people, namely Louis Althusser’s reading of Rousseau in the mid-1960s and Michel Foucault’s problematization of popular justice in the early 1970s.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OQ_191FhHzo
YouTube
Alberto Toscano_Part_2: "Real Abstraction and the Critique of Juridical Ideology"
Study Group 5 with Alberto Toscano
foreignobjekt.com

Readings:

Alberto Toscano, 'The Detour of Abstraction', Diacritics, special issue on Louis Althusser, 43. 2 (2015): 68-90

Excerpt:

There is a melancholy irony in the fact that Louis Althusser, a thinker much castigated in his own time for the abstract character of his Marxism, should have consigned his most pellucid reflections on the practical roots of abstraction to a manual of sorts that would never reach its imagined “popular” audience. Expertly edited by G. M. Goshgarian and insightfully introduced by Guillaume Sibertin-Blanc, Initiation à la philosophie pour les non-philosophes (1978, published in 2014) belongs to a series of book-length manuscripts unpublished in Althusser’s lifetime.1 As we learn from Goshgarian’s editorial notes, it is an integral redrafting of Être marxiste en philosophie (1976, published in 2015), which in turn can be regarded as the virtual second tome of Sur la reproduction (now published in English as On the Reproduction of Capitalism). That book had employed Althusser’s cherished image of the “detour” to explicate how correctly posing the question “What is philosophy?” from a Marxist standpoint necessarily required reconstructing a historical-materialist theory of ideology within which idealist philosophy could find its place and materialist philosophy its point of attack. The paradoxes and fetters of Althusser’s own philosophical practice are evident in the fact that what went unpublished were not abstruse speculative works or private aphorisms but didactic theoretical and political interventions, which include some of the French thinker’s most limpid as well as most playful prose.2 Their publication today, besides suggesting revisions to our image of Althusser, to how we periodize that inveterate periodizer, inserts itself into a vastly different political and intellectual conjuncture, one in which debates about the nature of abstraction intersect with a partial resurgence in Marxist theorizing.

Alberto Toscano, ‘A Just People, or Just the People? Althusser, Foucault and Juridical Ideology’, Consecutio Rerum. Rivista critica della postmodernità, V.8 (2020): 163-183

Abstract:
The return of the figure of the people to the forefront of radical theorizing in France can be contextualized and complicated by contrasting it with the relative hostility or indifference to it in the ambit of la pensée soixante-huit. For a spell, the people was largely displaced by collective formations that sought to escape the nation-state cage of political modernity, notjust antagonistic conceptions of class, but all kinds of groups, movements, multiplicities, minorities, etc. This essay probes two theoretical episodes that can contribute to a critical archaeology of the people, namely Louis Althusser’s reading of Rousseau in the mid-1960s and Michel Foucault’s problematization of popular justice in the early 1970s. In both we see how a critique of the modern (and Republican) figure of the people is accompanied by a militant anatomy of juridical ideology, and an effort to think forms of group formation and conflict irreducible to the dominant paradigms of political modernity.
Keywords: Louis Althusser; Michel Foucault; Juridical Ideology; People; Popular Justice.

Louis Althusser, Philosophy for Non-Philosophers, ed. and trans. G.M. Goshgarian, London: Bloomsbury.https://ca1lib.org/book/5206629/717566
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Pier Paolo Pasolini, Framed and Unframed: A Thinker for the Twenty-First Century

This cross-disciplinary volume, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Framed and Unframed, explores and complicates our understanding of Pasolini today, probing notions of otherness in his works, his media image, and his legacy. Over 40 years after his death Pier Paolo Pasolini continues to challenge and interest us, both in academic circles and in popular discourses. Today his films stand as lampposts of Italian cinematic production, his cinematic theories resonate broadly through academic circles, and his philosophical, essayistic, and journalistic writings-albeit relatively sparsely translated into other languages-are still widely influential. Pasolini has also become an image, a mascot, a face on tote bags, a graffiti image on walls, an adjective (pasolinian). The collected essays push us to consider and reconsider Pasolini, a thinker for the twenty-first century.
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
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2022 February 04
Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Frederic Lordon - Imperium: Structures and Affects of Political Bodies  

An investigation into what makes the consistency of political groupings What should we do with the ideals of internationalism, the withering away of state and horizontality? Probably start by thinking seriously about them. That is to say, about their conditions of possibility (or impossibility), rather than sticking to the wishful thinking which believes that for them to happen it is enough to want them. Humanity exists neither as a dust cloud of separate individuals nor as a unified world political community. It exists fragmented into distinct finite wholes, the forms of which have varied considerably throughout history the nation-state being only one among many, and certainly not the last. What are the forces that produce this fragmentation, engender such groupings and prevent them from being perfectly horizontal, but also lead them to disappear, merge, or change form? It is questions such as these that this book explores, drawing on Spinoza's political philosophy and especially his two central concepts of multitudo and imperium.
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