Solana is the only protocol that attempts to deal with intra-shard concurrency. How? Solana’s runtime, SeaLevel, requires that transaction headers specify all the parts of the state that the transaction will touch. With this information, SeaLevel can determine which transactions may collide, and will serialize those. All non-overlapping transactions can be parallelized, and run concurrently across thousands of GPU cores in parallel.
Оригинально, этакий шардинг без шардинга