"Android performs these optimizations using a tool called dex2oat. When you install an application on a device running Android 5.0 or later, dex2oat converts the Dalvik code located in the .ODEX file to native code and stores it in an OAT file." ,
Где тут VDex упомянуто?
ART comprises a compiler (the dex2oat tool) and a runtime (
libart.so) that is loaded for starting the Zygote. The dex2oat tool takes an APK file and generates one or more compilation artifact files that the runtime loads. The number of files, their extensions, and names are subject to change across releases, but as of the Android O release, the files being generated are:
.vdex: contains the uncompressed DEX code of the APK, with some additional metadata to speed up verification.
.odex: contains AOT compiled code for methods in the APK.
.art (optional): contains ART internal representations of some strings and classes listed in the APK, used to speed application startup.